فصلنامه علوم روانشناختی
پیاپی 37 (بهار 1390)

Since Rorschach test developed, numerous researches have dedicated. Mentioned research involves comparisons and norms in clinical and non-clinical age groups and in different countries and according to culture conditions has been done. Regarding to this, the main objective of this study were determination of non-clinical and 9 year old Iranian sample responses to Rorschach cards and its comparison with findings in non-clinical non-Iranian samples (Exner, 2003) on Rorschach test in similar ages. To this end, 110 nine year old children (52 boys and 58 girls) in the third grade of primary school from five regions North, South, East, West and downtown of Tehran (1,15,4,9,6 areas respectively) were chosen. After implementation of Rorschach test, the results of Rorschach variables in Iranian 9 year old children were compared with the results presented by Exner for 9 year old children (Exner, 2003). Comparing the results indicated that Rorschach variables in the Iranian 9 year old sample and Exner sample have significant differences. It can say that one of the related factors of this result is cultural and developmental differences.

This study examines the relation between body image, self-esteem and depression in overweight people. The participants were 116 overweight people who referred to specialized nutrition clinics and filled out questionnaires of Fischer’s body image test, Beck’s depression test, and Eysenck self-esteem test. The findings indicate a significant negative relation between body image and depression, and that body image can predict depression. Also, there is a negative significant relation between body image and self-esteem, that is, self-esteem variations can be significantly described in terms of body image.Investigating the differences among people with various degrees of overweight, classified based on BMI index, did not show any significant difference between the average of image score and those of self-esteem in different groups. However, there is a significant difference between various groups in terms of depression.

The aim of this research was designing and validation of a model of social skills curriculum for students with mental retardation in elementary and middle school. The present study is a descriptive-survey design in which with utilization of literature review, social skills areas related to students with mental retardation in an international approach have been identified, and the foundation of curriculum has been determined. In the next stage perspectives of parents, teachers, and professionals have been surveyed with using researcher developed questioner. In this regard, 151 parents, 144 teachers, and 42 professionals have been selected as samples. Cluster sampling method was utilized to select parents and teachers, and a purposeful sampling procedure was used to select professionals. At the end the quantities analyses of data related to the questionnaire, identified the nine components of social skills for children with mental retardation. In addition trough the analysis of literature review the model of social skills curriculum in each elements of curriculum including goals, contents, teaching-learning strategies, resources and instruments, grouping, time of instruction, teaching environment, and evaluation methods have been identified. Finally the suggested model of curriculum has been offered to professionals for validation, and the results showed that the model has necessary evidences for validation.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of "Fernald’s Multi Sensory Method" on reducing the Dysorthographia Problems of Mild Mentally Retarded Students. Therefore on experimental and a pretest-posttest control group design methods were used. The subjects of the study were all Isfahanian Mild Mentally Retarded Students in elementary exceptionality schools. 60 students were selected randomly as the sample of the study. Thy were assigned to the experimental and the control groups. A spelling scale developed by the researcher with established validity and reliability as well as a "Raiven Intelligence Test" have been applied to measure the performance. After gathering and analyzing of the data with covariance and variance statistical analysis, the following results were revealed; the difference between the performance of children in both control group and the experimental group in spelling scale was significant. It shows that Fernald’s Multi Sensory Method have an effect on Reducing the Spelling Problems of Mild Mentally Retarded Students.

The main objective of the research is to survey effective factors on perceptional and preparation approaches of girl’s students; and the study society is comprised of all students in Islamic Azad University-Tehran city